The defeat of nail fungus not only decreases the aesthetic appearance and quality of life of the patient, but can cause serious complications. Especially dangerous is the disease for the immunocompromised people, and disturbance of hormonal background. The treatment of a fungal infection is fraught with difficulties and takes a long time. Later measures are taken, the more difficult to get rid of nail parasites, therefore, when they are detected the first signs of the disease must be as soon as possible to consult the dermatologist.
The cause of fingernail fungus
The defeat of the nail plate parasitic fungi-dermatophytes called onychomycosis. The etiology of the disease is related not only with the penetration of the parasite in the body, but with fixing it horny layers, which cannot happen without the creation of certain conditions. The main reason for the occurrence of nail fungus is the existence of a favourable environment for reproduction of microorganisms. This happens when you touch the exposed areas of the body with contaminated objects or an infected person.
After contact with the parasite on the skin, they are fixed in the superficial layer of the epidermis and gradually begin to spread healthy general characteristics.
Before the penetration of the fungi into the deeper layers asymptomatic disease, and in the absence of favourable conditions for pathogens to be expelled from the newly-educated, healthy cells in addition to horny". If you have the same certain conditions, conducive to the formation of a favourable environment for the increase of the total mass of fungi, is not its penetration into the nail plate and the rapid advancement in the nail.
The consequences of nail fungus
In the absence of timely treatment the fungus spreads on all the nails healthy. Violation of aesthetics, the appearance of the fingers of the hands and feet — is not the most dangerous thing a consequence of the disease. Athlete's foot is a focus of infection, which is able to cause inflammatory processes in the dermis and cause an increased sensitivity of the organism. As allergen act waste products of micro-organisms with high toxicity to the human body.
Allocated pathogens onychomycosis biological substances can cause the development of diseases of the body, including and very heavy. Under the influence of toxic substances, biologically active substances may develop the following diseases:
- inflammatory defeat skin the integument of the character;
- liver injury;
- sharp the defeat of the entire surface of the skin and mucous membranes.
Individuals with a diagnosis of diabetes not only in a greater degree of risk of infection fungal, but more often than others to suffer from the effects of onychomycosis. In diabetics, it is celebrated violation of sensitivity in the extremities, which prevents you to timely detect the first signs of pathology, and procrastination in the treatment of disease this category of patients full of infection by cracks formed in the skin when avium. The most frequent complications of a fungal infection in diabetes are:
- bone infection;
- the gangrene of the lower limbs;
- trophic ulcer of the foot.
The treatment for nail bed fungus
The duration of therapy historical exchange rates when onychomycosis depends on the stage of detection of disease and the nature of the current. The goal of treatment is the activation of the egfr by (the total destruction) of fungi parasites. The scheme of antifungal therapy is developed by a dermatologist based on the results of the diagnosis conducted, during which reveals the type of the causative agent of the disease and to verify the existence in the body from other pathogens (bacteria complications).
The arsenal of treatment techniques include various forms of destruction of fungi, the viability of the application, which determines the physician, based on a function of the degree of deformation of the nail. Treatment of nail fungus, using one of the following methods:
- Drug is a pathology that flows from a mild form, are assigned to local antimycotic means (creams, ointments, gels, lotions, varnishes, sprays) alone, when onicomicosex moderate and severe forms of therapy, the scheme is supplemented as tablets, capsules for oral administration.
- Laser therapy – shows small lesions in the absence of attendant infections, is an alternative method that can replace the prolonged intake of drug funds.
- Removal of nail plate – a radical form of therapy, often recurrent onychomycosis and severe forms of the disease.
- Antibiotic therapy is assigned in case of complications of the disease fungal a bacterial infection.
The removal of the victim from the nail
Until the development of modern techniques of drug treatment of fungal infection remove a nail was the only way to get rid of ringworm. The classic method of removal of the affected nail plate is surgical. Currently, this high-traumatic stress disorder and painful method use rarely, which is related to the risk of development of postoperative complications (wound infection, the long and difficult period of recovery).
The alternative is less painful on removal techniques are pedicure and laser therapy. During these procedures the board softens keratolytic drugs and in the layers is removed special tools (designs with a hole with tapered cutters with abrasive spray or laser devices). The disadvantages of these methods include the risk of developing an allergic reaction, infection, incomplete removal of the fungus.
Remove the nail plate can, without resorting to mechanical abrasion, and with the help of special medications. Drug tools, l softening of the keratin (material included in the nail), they are called ceratolici. The mechanism of action is based on the capacity of the main components (urea and acid) to modify the structure of the board, making it more plastic and soft.
Tablets
Pre-formed medicines are shown with moderate and severe disease fungal. The treatment scheme onichamicoses are included mainly group 2 antifungals – synthesis and allylamines. The efficacy of the therapy with the application of the funds increases substantially, but taking the pills, should be under the summary fiche on health control due to the presence of side effects associated with the highly specific to the action antifungal agents.
Ointments and creams
If you do not need of therapy for systemic mycoses (in mild forms, the prevalence of lesions not more than 2/3 of the square of the nail plate) drugs local action can be used as monotherapy. Antimycotic ointments and creams potentiate the action of drugs taken inside, so combined the use of the system and local therapy speeds up the recovery process.
The drug of the nail fungus you need to give the dermatologist based on the clinical picture of the disease and certain about the results of the diagnosis of the causal agent. If you do not select the treatment tool may be not only ineffective, but also dangerous. The advantages of the use of creams and ointments for the elimination of fungi are the least number of side effects, the rapid elimination of unpleasant symptoms, disadvantages – the length of the course and the inefficiency of severe disease.
The treatment of the fungus on the feet and hands, Polish
The tool of local action used for immediate application on the nail, it is anti-fungal luck. The inclusion of the therapeutic schema of varnishes does not invalidate the application of other forms of pharmaceutical antifungal agents. Alone, these tools can only be used as prevention. The benefit of add-on therapy polishes is to correct aesthetic flaws in the modified form of color or deformation, the disadvantage is the high cost of therapy in the course.
The mechanism of action of azole antifungals, as the lacquer-based fungicide properties of its components. To increase the effectiveness of their methods must be applied daily in free Horny tissue and fat nail plate (the old layer of varnish should be removed with a solvent).
Laser therapy
One of the modern methods of treatment of the fungus is laser therapy – burn the laser beam of the colonies fungal in central keratin plate without the destruction of healthy tissues. The indications for performing this procedure can be any shape and stage of onychomycosis. The application of the laser ensures the destruction of parasites and speeds up the process of recovery. The number of sessions of laser therapy (duration of about 30 min.) is defined based on the severity of the injury. Produced by handling do not deliver pain and almost does not cause side effects.
Treatment for nail fungus folk media
Use of recipes of folk medicine in the treatment of onychomycosis is valid only as one of the forms of traditional therapy to enhance its therapeutic effect. If, for any reason, there is no possibility of seeking medical help when you experience signs of mold, you should take measures as soon as possible, to avoid the transition of a disease in a severe form (during the execution of a stage of self-medication can lead to very dangerous).
Because of the wide prevalence of mycoses alternative medicine offers many ways to resolve this problem, with the application of interior and exterior backgrounds. The most popular folkloric treatment for nail fungus:
- The vinegar (70% essence). Effective and quick-action tool is the pasta cooked acetic acid from essence, eggs and butter. In a vessel pour 200 ml of vinegar, omit the whole egg and put in a dark place. After you dissolve the eggs should be drain the liquid and enter 1 h. l. oil. The resulting mass is applied on 12-14 h. under a film on the steamed plots. In less softening the card should be cut up to the complete disappearance of the signs of ringworm.
- The iodine. Immediately after the detection of the first symptoms onychomycosis take advantage of such affordable antiseptic, such as iodine, can solve the problem for 1-2 procedure. In the later stages, this method mAleffectIven. Manipulation are applied on the affected areas of iodine until the time that the substance does not soak. Before the procedure, you must to steam the feet or the hands and give them to dry completely. When you are prompted a strong stinging during the treatment, you must omit none of the members in a container with cold water.
- Juice huctotela. The plant has bactericidal action, which leads to its application for the treatment of fungal diseases. Therapeutic manipulation are carried out in a cleaner legs or arms. In the juice of the stalk fresh-torn huctotela, you should dampen a cotton pad or disk, and attach it to the hit areas, covering over the gauze. Daily full run this procedure will help you for 2-3 weeks to get rid of signs of disease.
- The peroxide of hydrogen. One of the methods, contributing to the rapid resolution of fungal infection, is the three phases of the procedure with application of hydrogen peroxide. The dead surface are processed first mixture of vinegar (3%) and hydrogen peroxide (3%) in the ratio of 1 to 1, after which the fingers are immersed in 30 seconds. very weak sodium hypochlorite. After the immersion, a tool should be carefully washed, to dry the fingers of hands or feet and apply on the nails, a mixture of tea tree oil and vaseline. The duration of treatment is 1 week.
- Dye molonhth. For the treatment of diseases of the skin and nail pathologies that you can use all kinds of molonhth. To prepare a dye must pour a small amount of raw materials to boiling water and let brew in 2-3 h. In cooled down up to 45-50 degrees infusion chilled should to steam the feet or the hands over half an hour. After 3-4 weeks, daily procedures the symptoms of the disease should disappear.
- Tea tree oil. The content of this tool such substances, such as limonene, alpha-terpinene, sabine, alpha-FellandRen, eucalyptol provides anti-septic and anti-inflammatory effect. For the destruction of fungi are dermatophytes is recommended to do it during 8 to 10 weeks of baths with the addition of 15 to 20 drops of oil.
Prevention
Parasite micro-organisms spread all over the place and totally limit contact with them is not possible, but with some care, you can reduce the risk of infection. Prevention onychomycosis aims to reduce the likelihood of infection and strengthening the immune system of protection which may prevent the consolidation of pathogens in the body. The main preventive measures include:
- regularly carry out activities of hygiene, skin care stopped, and the palms of the hands;
- the elimination of hyperhidrosis stop;
- resolution of excessive dryness of the skin covering;
- the limitation of the open contact of the skin with household objects in the local public for visits;
- change daily socks, socks, kolrot and t. d.;
- wearing comfortable shoes and clothing вonзdухonпрonницаемых materials;
- timely treatment микрontRAM, dIPtрonфиhapplications changes to the nail plate;
- the observance of techniques of sterilization and disinfection of manicure tools and pedicure;
- exemption from bad habits;
- the observance of the principles of a balanced diet, restriction of quantity of consumption of sugary foods;
- the journal (spring and autumn) reception of vitamin complexes.
It is not possible to ignore the signs of disease, or try to establish the diagnosis. The majority of requests for medical assistance it already happens in the worst stage of the disease, which is related to the confidence of the patients in the fact that they can't develop onychomycosis, as well as they adhere to all the rules. One should consider that, even while respecting all the medical recommendations for the prevention of fungal infection the probability of infection is reduced, but some fraction of the risk of infection still remains.